Amid concerns of resistance and increased potential for poor outcomes, clinicians have been questioning the benefit of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis for neutropenia for some time.
In the early era of chemotherapy, infections—primarily those with gram-negative organisms—were responsible for 70% of all deaths (JAMA 1965;193[2]:105-109). Infection is still the leading cause of death in patients with leukemia and among hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients, according